Structure-based instructional settings for language learning

Structure-based instructional settings (ex. Grammar translation, audio lingual) are those where the language is taught to a group of second or foreign language learners. 
The goal of learner is often to pass an examination rather than to use the language for communication.

The characteristics of the Structure-based instructional settings are:

v  Error correction

Error are frequently corrected. Accuracy tends to be given priority over meaningful interaction.

v  Language input

Input is structurally graded, simplified, and sequenced by the teacher and the textbook. Linguistic items are presented and practiced in isolation, one item at a time.

v  Time available for learning

Learning is often limited to only a few hours a week.

v  Ratio of native speakers to learners

The teacher is often the only native or proficient speaker the student comes in contact with.

v  Variety of languages & discourse type

Students experience a limited range of language discourse types (often a chain of Teacher ask questions/ Students answers/ and Teacher evaluates response)

v  Pressure to speak

Students often feel great pressure to speak or write the second language and to do so correctly from the very beginning.

v Access to modified input

        Teacher often use the learner's’ native language to give instructions. However, when they use the target language, they tend to modify their language in order to ensure comprehension and compliance.